Contract formation confirms the parties understand and agree to all the essential terms. When that understanding and agreement fades, how do you find it again? How do you confirm you’ve found the best meaning?
When the contract language is unambiguous, it must be given its plain and ordinary meaning and the court may not look to extrinsic evidence to interpret its provisions. (Ambiguous language is discussed in another post.)
Plain and ordinary meaning comes from to the face of the language itself, without technical or specialized interpretation. This assumes the meaning is unambiguous, which is discussed in another post. When the meaning is plain, the parties, court, or arbitrator may look to other documents and/or testimony to confirm they have found the best meaning. The process looks like this:
Here are some examples where outside documentation confirmed the plain meaning:
Roads & Bridges | Mediation Melee
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Arbitration can be a bridge over troubled waters. In this crossing, the parties argued over […]
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WRITTEN NOTICE | Beware that strict compliance of the contract might be required.
When an owner replaced a contractor for significant safety violations, […]
Roads & Bridges | Mommie Dearest
MOMMY DEAREST | The story of an ESA without a MOM
Nobody enters this world, or a contract, without a mother: There can […]
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A recent article published by Roads and Bridges magazine reports that the Office of Management and Budget is working to broaden the scope […]
Roads & Bridges | Buy American Plan Gets an Update
BUY AMERICAN PLAN GETS AN UPDATE
The Office of Management and Budget is developing standards to replace the current Buy […]
Roads & Bridges
Where Does the Buck Stop?
WHERE DOES THE BUCK STOP? | A shallow concrete pour leads to an interesting lawsuit
On the desk of President Harry S. Truman […]
Roads & Bridges | Reshaping Agreements
RESHAPING AGREEMENTS | Oral Agreements Must Be Written in Stone
Reuse, reshaping, and/or reapplication of existing materials was the goal in this roadway […]
Pay-If-Paid Unenforceable in Virginia Starting Jan. 1, 2023
As of Jan. 1, 2023, pay-if-paid clauses are unenforceable, regardless of whether a surety/payment bond claim is involved. This is only for […]
How Short is Too Short
A limitations period is too short when it’s unreasonably short.
